Great tip.
You probably have single contact base fitting in that light fixture. This is what the polarity should be:
ba15s_wm.jpg
That's the bulb. In the socket you can test like g1g says by touching the positive probe of your volt meter or multi meter to the single contact at the bottom of the socket and touching the negative probe to the side of the socket.
If it reads -12v (neg) the wires wires to the fixture where accidentally reversed when it was installed. If it reads +12v (pos) then the new bulb isn't making good contact for some reason.