There are two different, but related belt tensions. We are used to setting the static tension which is uniform around the belt and causes friction to grip the belt, but it is not the major tension that is causing side loads. When the belt is running, one side is pulling hard to turn the pulley, and the other side is essentially slack minus some of the static tension. The pull of the belt at the pulley circumference has to be opposed by the engine bearings and for 20 hp at a relatively small radius the force is going to be pretty large. Multi-vee, cogged, etc belts are just better ways to get the friction needed for the rotation to be able pull the high force on the belt to cause the tension that is transmitting the power.
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